A DEXA (dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry) scan, also called DXA, is the standard test for measuring bone mineral density. It uses two low-dose X-ray beams to measure how much mineral is packed into your bones, usually at the hip and lower spine.

The scan is quick, painless, and uses a very small amount of radiation. You simply lie on a padded table while a scanner arm passes over your body.

Who Should Get a Bone Density Test?

In January 2025, the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) updated its osteoporosis screening recommendation:

• Women 65 and older: Screening is recommended for all women in this age group.
• Postmenopausal women under 65: Screening is recommended if a clinical risk assessment shows increased fracture risk.
• Men: The task force found too little evidence to recommend routine screening. Doctors use their judgment, especially for older men or men with risk factors.

Osteoporosis is common. The task force reports that it affects about 27% of women and about 6% of men age 65 and older.

Your doctor may also order a DEXA scan if you have broken a bone from a minor fall, are losing height, or take medications that affect bone health.

Risk Factors for Osteoporosis

Ask your doctor about a bone density test if any of these apply to you:

• Going through menopause, especially early menopause
• A parent who broke a hip
• A small, thin body frame or low body weight
• Smoking or heavy alcohol use
• Long-term use of steroid medications, such as prednisone
• Rheumatoid arthritis or other conditions that affect bone health
• A previous fracture from a minor fall
• Low calcium or vitamin D intake, or little physical activity

Warning Signs to Watch For

Osteoporosis rarely causes symptoms early on. Later signs can include:

• Losing height over time
• A stooped or curved upper back
• Back pain caused by a small fracture in the spine
• A bone that breaks more easily than expected

How to Prepare for a DEXA Scan

1. Pause calcium supplements. You are often asked not to take calcium supplements for 24 hours before the scan. Follow the instructions you receive.
2. Wear comfortable clothes without metal. Avoid zippers, belts, buttons, and underwire in the area being scanned.
3. Mention recent imaging tests. If you recently had a barium study or a CT or MRI with contrast, tell us. You may need to wait several days before your DEXA scan.
4. Tell us if you may be pregnant.
5. Bring prior DEXA results if you had a scan elsewhere, so your results can be compared over time.

You can eat normally on the day of your exam unless you are told otherwise. Review our Procedure Preparation page for details.

What to Expect During the Scan

You will lie on your back on a padded table. The technologist may place a foam block under your legs to position your hips and spine. A scanner arm passes slowly over your body while you stay still.

The scan is painless, and you will not need an IV, injection, or enclosed space. The exam is typically finished in about 10 to 20 minutes, and you can return to normal activities right away.

Understanding Your DEXA Results

Your report will include one of two scores.

T-Score

The T-score compares your bone density with that of a healthy young adult. It is the main score used for postmenopausal women and men age 50 and older.

Z-Score

The Z-score compares your bone density with that of people your own age, sex, and body size. It is more commonly used for children, younger adults, and premenopausal women. A low Z-score may prompt your doctor to look for other causes of bone loss.

Your doctor will review your scores along with your other risk factors to decide whether you need treatment, lifestyle changes, or a follow-up scan.

Frequently Asked Questions About DEXA Scans

Is a DEXA scan safe?

Yes. A DEXA scan uses a very low dose of radiation, much lower than a standard chest X-ray. Tell the team if you are or may be pregnant.

How long does a DEXA scan take?

The scan itself usually takes about 10 to 20 minutes.

How often should I get a bone density test?

It depends on your results and risk factors. Many patients are rescanned every two years, but your doctor may recommend a different schedule.

At what age should a woman get a bone density test?

Current USPSTF guidance recommends screening for all women 65 and older, and for younger postmenopausal women who are at increased fracture risk.

Do men need bone density tests?

Men can develop osteoporosis too. The USPSTF has not recommended routine screening for men, but your doctor may order a DEXA scan based on your age, fracture history, or risk factors.

Is a DEXA scan the same as a regular X-ray?

No. A standard digital X-ray shows the shape of bones and can detect fractures. A DEXA scan measures how dense and strong your bones are.

Does insurance cover a bone density test?

Many plans cover DEXA screening when criteria are met. Check our Insurance Information page or call us to verify your coverage.

Schedule a DEXA Bone Density Scan in Glendale, CA

Finding bone loss early gives you and your doctor time to protect your bones and lower your fracture risk. If you are due for a bone density test, Broadway Imaging Center can help.

Broadway Imaging Center
140 N Glendale Ave
Glendale, CA 91206
Phone: 818-548-0022

Learn more about our DEXA bone density services or contact us to schedule.

Medical disclaimer: This article provides general educational information and is not a substitute for medical advice. Talk with your physician about whether a bone density test is right for you.